The American Medical Association recognizes alcoholism as a disease that can be stopped, but that does not heal. One of the symptoms is an uncontrollable urge to drink. Alcoholism is a progressive disease. While alcoholics continue to drink, the urge to drink greater. If the disease is not stopped, they may end in madness or death. The only way to stop alcoholism is abstinence.

Alcoholic one for life. Most experts agree that alcoholics, even after years of sobriety, never can control their drinking when they start drinking again. Currently, there are many treatments for alcoholics with probability of success. The “Alcoholics Anonymous” are by far the best known and most effective. Alcoholism is no longer a hopeless condition, provided that those recognized and treated.

Alcoholics found in all walks of life … Only three to five percent of alcoholics are vagrants or troublemakers. The others have family, friends and work and lead a fairly normal life. However, their drinking affects a part of their lives. Their family life, their social lives or their work may suffer, perhaps all three. An alcoholic is someone who is drinking a constant and growing problem in every aspect of his / her life.

Alcoholics drink because they think they should drink. They use alcohol as an aid and as a means of escape. They suffer emotionally and use alcohol to suppress that pain. It is even possible to be so dependent on alcohol that they convince themselves not to be without. That is obsession.

Once some alcoholics trying to make it without alcohol, withdrawal symptoms are sometimes so overwhelming that they begin drinking again. This seems to them the only way to be rid of the torment. This is addiction. Most would prefer social drinkers are alcoholics. They spend much time and effort in trying to keep their drinking under control, as for others to drink. They try eg only on weekends to drink or to take a drink to keep. They never have the certainty to make it here, even if they want it. Eventually they are drunk, despite the intention is not to be. This is compulsion.

One of the characteristics of this disease is that patients do not believe that they are ill. There is hope of recovery when they are able to accept that they need help, they want to stop drinking and that they are willing to acknowledge the problem alone.

The Three Stages Of Alcoholism

Every alcoholic drink in their own way, but all people with an alcohol problem have something in common:

• They can not control your drinking.
• At first, develop tolerance to alcohol. So, when taking endure much, compared with the other people who drink.
• Consequently, increasingly need to take to achieve the same effects as before.
• But this is temporary, it lasts forever.

Later, the opposite happens: the drinker needs very little alcohol, sometimes a single drink to get drunk. It becomes then, of those who can not tolerate anything. Although each alcoholic follows its own path toward the disease, one can say generally that all alcoholic goes through three stages.

First Stage

It usually takes about 10 years, but we must not take this as if it were a rule.

This stage covers the following:

• repeated promises to leave the alcohol that lead to failure, anxiety, guilt and consequently more drink.
• more frequent alcohol intake.
• Increased tolerance. The drinker ever take any more.
• Increased irritability, personality changes. Blackouts occur (forget what happened when you drink).

Second Stage

It creates a vicious circle: the person drinker goes from an uncontrollable desire to take the anguish and guilt for having done so and hence the isolation and frustration, which leads again into the drink and start the cycle again .

• The patient denied having a drinking problem or hide the fact, while for others it’s obvious her alcoholism.
• Take from the morning alone.
• Has permanent and visible signs of defects of alcohol, even at work.
• The drink becomes a necessity for him everyday.

Third Stage

Start utter ruin. The intoxicated person practically live and adds difficulties with family, friends and work, which leads her to suffer financial difficulties.

• You will fall in the desert. Avoid her friends and family, and these in turn try to get away from it.
• Live for drinking and hardly eats. Sometimes partial receive medical help to combat his anxiety and weakness.
• personality changes radically, their own friends and relatives do not know.
• You suffer serious disorders such as destruction, weakness and hallucinations.

When someone reaches this stage, is at a point where there are only two paths:

If you continue along the path of alcohol, expect the final collapse: disability, dying and death.

The other path is definitely quit drinking and begin a slow return to health. You can not combine the two paths. No way to keep drinking and cured to make. The only way to control alcoholism, is to achieve total abstinence.

Incoming search terms for the article:

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When treating alcoholism must ask a series of goals to achieve, and the end of all therapy program seeks to motivate the patient to continue his treatment and once made, remain abstinent, if possible, throughout life.

Must be made to the patient that if you take too much alcohol, decrease this amount will improve their lives and health, and how to improve it?, For improving disturbance of the nervous system or gastrointestinal tract, caused by alcohol intake , sleeping better in both time and quality and ultimately improve your relationship with family, friends or in the
workplace.

To achieve complete recovery of the alcoholic patient will have to raise a number of objectives in the short, medium and long term and to undertake and complete up gradually, so we’ll use all available therapeutic options, both pharmacological and level psychological or psychosocial.

Have to perform two main steps:
* Stop drinking at the moment, which leads to a withdrawal syndrome in patients with alcohol dependence, which must be correctly treated. This phase is known as detoxification.
* Stop drinking for the rest of our lives, applying medication therapy or psychological support. Phase is known as detoxification.

The whole therapeutic process is based on three points:
* Drug Therapy
* Psychotherapy
* Self-Help Groups

It is often deceived by the frequency of drinking, by the admission of guilt, remorse, by reason of his feelings and his desire to be corrected.

He is convinced that a reprimand is sufficient to make change. This conduct is harmful: it is not to condemn the drinker or sermon, but is contrary to normal treatment, effective and appropriate.

The drinker is found his game and tries to defend itself with weapons used and other times, like denying that you have a problem with drinking, protesting against such accusations skirts.

Current use excuses and bragging about his ability to hold the drink and work.

The control is better placed than anyone to encourage the patient to consult a specialist.

You should not try to convince a closed person, which will be limited to a discussion, to be angry and upset, as an excuse to quickly end the interview.

Take a firm and unchanging, repeating to convince his reasons against the excuses of the drinker. We recommend visiting the specialist, you will make it easier to attend, will closely follow developments and try to reinstate your job

His serious behavior disorders are not usually attributed to alcohol, until recently have been applied in industry discipline. This attitude stems from inaccurate and incomplete knowledge of the problem.

The costs of alcoholism

Alcoholism is a progressive disease that can progress camouflaged for 10 or 15 years. It is easy to recognize in advanced stages, is far more difficult to be detected in intermediate states. Many people arrive at work the morning after the night before. To get euphoric have to have a drink before leaving the house, which only lasts until you get to work.

The entire day is experiencing withdrawal symptoms only do routine work and still all that can be camouflaged. Is the spirit away from its function and is in constant danger of accidents. Remorse assail him, nervous and anxious, ready to explode at any time in the smallest setback.

Cause misunderstandings with his attitude and undermines the morale of his comrades.

Quite often the alcoholic becomes self-harm in order to enjoy free time on the floor of an accident.

Alcoholism causes havoc in the industry very difficult to establish in statistics, even if the problem is known. Here are some of the problems:

* Low productivity
* Shredding or misuse of the material
* Deterioration of quality of manufactured product
* Reduce the rate of production where it is placed
* Large number of absences or tardiness

These costs increase with the degree of competence or authority of the employee.

The more he gets into intellectual capacity and personality of the individual, the disease will progress more, the closer the periods of drunkenness and more intensified and expanded the problems. All this for camouflage and protection.

Symptoms usually occur and can be used to make a social diagnosis of alcoholism include:

* Delayed frequent arrival to work.
* Frequent absence day after party or at least slow, slurred and irregular work. • frequent disappearances post without prior justification.
* Small absences for minor illnesses: Colds, flu, or minor accidents occurred with regularity at work, outside, on the road.
* Progressive change in attitude of the subject hitherto regarded as a good worker, discussions, reviews, small mistakes which seeks to justify, small accidents which offers or other material liable.
* Marked variations in mood, anger, loss of interest in the job.

The desire for alcohol during withdrawal, pain suppression and the high rate of relapse is due to adaptation and dependence on changes in brain chemistry caused by his long-term use of alcohol. Alcohol acts as a depressant on the central nervous system and causes relaxation and euphoria. In the brain, a small group of chemical messengers, called neurotransmitters, is responsible for changes in behavior after drinking alcohol. Of special interest to researchers are the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutérico acid (GABA, gamma amino butyric acid), dopamine and serotonin.

Genetic factors.

In people with severe alcoholism, researchers have located a gene that affects the function of a nerve-cell structure known as the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2), which, in turn, influences the activity of dopamine. This gene is also found in people with attention deficit disorder, who are at increased risk for alcoholism, and is also present in people with Toilette syndrome and autism. The association of this gene with these neurological problems leading some experts to believe that the dopamine D2 receptor gene is not a primary cause of alcoholism, but that people with this gene is more likely to drink to treat behavioral and psychological symptoms of their neurological disorders. In addition, a main study did not find any connection whatsoever between the DRD2 gene and alcoholism. More work is needed in this area.

Depression and anxiety.

Some people drink to relieve anxiety or depression, and theories has been proposed on the fact that an inherited tendency for depression or anxiety can make people more susceptible to alcoholism. Studies have indicated, however, that when children of alcoholic parents raised by parents are not alcoholics, their risk for alcoholism but opportunities remain high for depression or anxiety are greater than those of the general population. Indeed, anxiety and depression are themselves caused by alcoholism can be reduced after the abolition of alcohol. Depression and anxiety can also play a major role in the development of alcoholism in the elderly and others who are subject to undesirable life changes like retirement, loss of a spouse or friend (a) and medical problems.

Physical Effects

Alcohol is not exposed to any process of digestion which mostly goes first to the small intestine before being absorbed by the bloodstream. Only a small portion goes directly into the bloodstream through the stomach lining. In the blood alcohol is metabolized (broken down to be removed or used by the body) through the process of oxidation. That is, it merges with oxygen and breaks down so that its basic elements leave the body in the form of carbon dioxide and water. The first oxidation is the liver, which breaks down approximately 50% of alcohol consumed in one hour. The rest remains in the bloodstream to be removed slowly.

Psychological Effects

Alcohol first affects the central nervous system and excessive and prolonged interference can cause brain damage. Popular belief that alcohol increases the excitement, but actually depresses many brain centers. The feeling of excitement is precisely because the depressed some brain centers reduce tensions and inhibitions and the person experiences feelings of sociability expanded or euphoria. Therefore it is said that alcohol “anesthesia, internal auditing.” However, if the alcohol concentration exceeds certain levels in the blood interferes with higher mental processes so that the distorted visual perception, motor coordination, balance, speech and vision have also suffered heavy damage. Large amounts of alcohol reduce body aches and pains and induce sleep. But continuous use irritates the stomach lining even to develop ulcers. Additionally tends to accumulate fat in the liver, interfering with its operation. In chronic alcoholics are raised serious brain disorders, liver (cirrhosis) and cardiovascular (increased blood pressure and thus the risk of a heart attack.) Even, there is evidence that alcohol increases the level of triglycerides (saturated fat or vegetable in the arteries) and thus also the risk of a heart attacks. Finally, as is well known, alcohol causes physical addiction and psychological dependence.

What damage alcohol causes in the body? At any given time depend on its concentration in the blood which in turn is determined by the following factors: amount ingested over a period of time, presence or absence of food in the stomach to retain the alcohol and reduce its rate of absorption, weight body, liver and efficiency of the person who eats

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Normally, ethanol is concentrated by distillation of dilute solutions. The commercial use contains 95% by volume of ethanol and 5% water. Dehydrating agents removed some residual water and produce absolute ethanol. Ethanol has a melting point of -114.1 ° C, a boiling point of 78.5 ° C and a relative density of 0.789 to 20 ° C. Since ancient times, ethanol was obtained by fermentation of sugars.

All beverage ethanol and about half of industrial ethanol still

produced by this process. Potato starch (potato), corn and

other cereals is an excellent raw material. Enzyme

yeast, ridges, transforms the simple sugar to carbon dioxide. The

fermentation reaction, represented by the equation

C6H12O6? 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

is really complex, because the impure cultures of yeast produce a wide range of other substances such as fusel oil, glycerin and various organic acids. The fermented liquid, which contains from 7 to 12% ethanol, is concentrated up to 95% through a series of distillation. In the preparation of certain beverages such as whiskey and brandy, some of its impurities are responsible to give its characteristic flavor final. Most ethanol is not intended for human consumption is prepared synthetically, either from ethanol (acetaldehyde) from the ethane (acetylene), and the oil ethane. It is also made in small quantities from wood pulp. The oxidation of ethanol produces ethanol which in turn is oxidized to ethanoic acid. When dehydrated, ethanol is diethyl ether. The butadiene used in the manufacture of synthetic rubber and chloromethane, a local anesthetic are other numerous chemicals that are derived from ethanol. This alcohol is miscible (mixable) with water and most organic solvents. It is an effective solvent for many substances and is used in the manufacture of perfumes, lacquers, celluloid and explosives. Alcoholic solutions of nonvolatile substances are called tinctures. If the solution is volatile is called spirit.

Incoming search terms for the article:

• chemical formula for the simple distillation of 12% ethanol in water

There are written reports of the use of beer, wine and other alcoholic beverages, dating from 3000 years before Christ. But the distillation process applied to fermented beverages dates back around 800 AD. This process has allowed the preparation of highly potent liquor that is consumed today. The influence of alcohol in society has had great weight as problematic factor in the formation and functioning of the family, individual and thus society. The influence of alcohol has been reflected in the different areas of the history of the society from time immemorial.

“Alcohol consumption has been recognized as a factor favoring social integration and coexistence.” That is, alcohol is an alcoholic beverage, consumed in moderation and in the context permits, reduces stress, inhibitions and causes feelings of well being. Drinkers “normal” drinks enjoy the pleasurable effects and appreciate these different qualities of drinks. Unfortunately, varying proportions of individuals in the population have problems in your health and your relationships because of the immoderate consumption of alcohol.

Alcohol is a drug that easy access and powerful advertising it receives, has become a real social problem in almost all countries and all ages from adolescence. Alcohol is the drug most widely used by adolescents in the U.S. and Mexico, although we have no statistics, there is evidence of a high rate of alcoholism among the young. But what are the disorders caused by excessive use of alcohol? Perhaps many people think that while alcohol does not become typical, the consequences of drinking frequently and in high doses are not so alarming. But the ravages of alcohol can be severe and many of them irreversible. Then we discussed some of the short-term effects caused by alcohol.

Alcoholism is a chronic, progressive and often fatal, is a primary disorder and not a symptom of other diseases or emotional problems. . WHO defines alcoholism as daily alcohol intake exceeding 50 grams in women and 70 grams in man (a glass of liquor or a combination is about 40 grams of alcohol, a quarter liter of wine 30 grams and fourth liter of beer 15 grams). Alcoholism appears to be produced by the combination of various physiological, psychological and genetic. It is characterized by emotional dependence and often organic alcohol, and produces a progressive brain damage and ultimately death.

Alcoholism affects the adult males, but their incidence is increasing among women and youth. Consumption and alcohol-related problems are increasing throughout the West since 1980, including the United States, the European Union and former Eastern European countries, as well as in developing countries.

Alcoholism, unlike simple excessive or irresponsible consumption of alcohol has been considered in the past a symptom of social or psychological stress, or a learned behavior and misfit. Alcoholism has become a newly defined, and perhaps more accurately, as a complex disease itself, with all its consequences. It develops over years. The first symptoms, very subtle, include concerns about the availability of alcohol, which strongly influences the choice by the patient from friends or activities. Alcohol is being considered increasingly as a drug that modifies the state of mind, and less like a part of the diet, a social custom or a religious rite. The chemistry of alcohol allows you to affect almost every type of cell in the body, including those in the central nervous system. In the brain, responsible alcohol interacts with the pleasure centers and other undesirable sensations, after prolonged exposure to alcohol, the brain adapts to the changes produced by alcohol and become dependent on it. For people with alcoholism, drinking becomes the primary means through which they can deal with people, work and their lives. Alcohol dominates their thoughts, emotions and actions. The severity of this disease is influenced by factors such as genetics, psychology, culture and physical pain.

Alcoholism also means all diseases resulting from this abuse. It seems preferable to speak of addiction to alcohol, characterized by the following criteria:
The preferred alcohol drinking alcohol in any other activity
The drinks are absorbed almost always the same
Alcoholic support better and better alcohol
Signs of withdrawal
Disappearance of signs of withdrawal by taking liquor
Need to renew making alcoholic drinks
Return of alcoholic behavior after abstinence

It is estimated that in France about a million and half people dependent on alcohol, five million risk drinkers or problem drinkers, 25 million low risk. Of the five million drinkers, half have a more or less severe disease associated with alcohol consumption. If the risk of cancer increased by 10 through ½ pack per day to a pack and a half, the risk is multiplied by 50 when it goes from 4 to over 10 glasses a day. This disease, which we do not know the cause, usually begins insidiously. Intoxication by alcohol leads to damage of organs and tissues in these organs, but also a physical dependence associée.L alcohol abuse is causing loss of relational general, professional and serious damage (absenteeism among others). The consequences of alcoholism are not on the psychological level, exactly the same for males than for females. Women tend to drink alcohol so solitary and social stigma are less frequent than among men who are most affected by this problem than women. However, it should be noted that the difference is reduced progressivement.L alcoholism affects about 1 in 4 consultant in a general medical ward at the hospital. Finally, the incidence of alcoholism is increasing steadily among women and adolescents and high school (associated with the consumption of drugs such as marijuana among others). Some religions are hardly affected by the alcoholism (Muslims, Jews). The individuals concerned are mainly those belonging to countries with large industries producing alcohol. This is the case of Europe and America Nord.Il does not seem to exist a particular profile may be related directly to alcoholism. However, alcohol appears to alleviate some unpleasant symptoms such as anxiety, depression or schizophrénie.Les alcoholics are most likely to come from a difficult home environment. It is the same of their parental history accompanied by an adversarial relationship, combined with a disruption of cultural transmission. Children’s education also seems to take a large share in the determinants of alcoholism (consumer behavior). It does not seem to exist for genetic disorders or familial predisposition to alcohol abuse. However, the incidence of alcoholism is higher among children of alcoholic parents than children adopted by adult alcoholics.

The concept of alcoholism has been introduced by Huss in 1852.

Generally, during the first consultation in the doctor, it is made an examination on the drink. During the examination, the doctor will ask about the amount of drink taken during a typical week.

This consumption is usually quantified in units of alcohol.
A unit of alcohol contains about 9 g of alcohol, which is equivalent to half a pint of beer, one measure of spirits or wine glass table’s alcohol is dangerous for man from 21 units per week, and 14 units per week for women.

Consequences (partial list)
Absenteeism at work
Emotional and relational, especially in the couple
Child Abuse
Unemployment
Financial Difficulties
MeurtreInfractions violence up to and during driving
Repeated suicide attempts (number higher than in a normal population)
Psychological profile type of morbid jealousy (suspicion of sexual infidelity)
Lesions encountered in alcoholics:
Cirrhosis
Peripheral nervous system (the entire nervous system except the brain and spinal cord)
Lesions in the brain (nervous system included within the skull)
Reaching the cardiovascular system (heart and blood vessels) accompanied by cardiac arrhythmias. Other cardiac lesions result in the inability of the cardiac muscle to do its job properly. This leads to cardiomegaly (enlargement of the heart) and congestive heart failure and a myocardial fibrosis (hardening and decreased capacity of heart muscle contraction).
Gastritis (inflammation of the stomach)
Achievement of the pancreas (pancreatitis alcoholic)
Hepatic (liver function is irreversibly compromised). It is characterized by misuse of absorbed sugar and sugar in reserve (glycogen) with a tendency to hypoglycemia (frequent falls of blood sugar in the blood) by an inability to mobilize reserve sugar in the liver and muscles. On the other hand, hypoglycemia is often accompanied by a poor diet.
Vitamin B1 (thiamin) that cause lesions of the peripheral nervous system and brain. This thiamine deficiency associated with alcohol abuse can also cause heart disease of the alcoholic (beri-beri heart).

The anxiety induced by alcohol is characterized by a feeling of fear without object, disabling and repeated. Alcohol can transiently diminish impressions of anxiety. In the long term, however, alcohol dependence majorises fears, fears and anxiety. Alcohol also induces depressive disorders marked by sadness, fatigue, decreased interest and difficulty falling asleep.

Depression is caused by the effects of alcohol on the brain and the adverse consequences of alcoholism on the personal, social and professional.

The prolonged use of alcohol and pathological cause’s disturbances of affective life, character and intellectual functions. The main disturbances are related to the loss of the ability to assess, to appreciate against the other. This disruption causes a roughness of contacts and exchanges with all family and work hard.